Sea salt and table salt contain the same amount of the elements, sodium chloride. Sea salt is marketed as a more natural and healthy alternative, but the real differences between sea salt and table salt are in their taste, texture and processing, not their chemical makeup. Sea salt is produced through evaporation of seawater with very little processing, which leaves behind some trace minerals and elements depending on the source of the seawater. These minerals add flavor and color to sea salt, which also comes in a variety of coarseness levels.
Table salt is mined from underground salt deposits and is processed to eliminate trace minerals and usually contains an additive to prevent clumping. Most table salt has added iodine, an essential nutrient that occurs naturally in minute amounts in sea salt.
The concern with salt consumption is how sodium intake affects your health. Your body needs only a couple hundred milligrams (mg) of salt (sodium) a day to stay healthy. Most of us get far too much sodium from processed foods. So regardless of which type of salt you prefer, try to keep total consumption of sodium between 1,500 and 2,300 mg a day if you're a healthy adult. People with high blood pressure, African-Americans and anyone middle-aged or older should aim for the lower end of that range.